"Az a férfi olvas, aki a fa alatt ül."
Translation:The man who is sitting under the tree is reading.
In the following, I will analyse the Az a ... amelyik / Az a ... aki / Az a ... ami contructions.
Az a férfi olvas, aki a fa alatt ül.
This answers the question Which?
Which man is reading? The one who is reading under the tree.
Melyik férfi olvas? Az, aki a fa alatt ül.
There are two ways to go with amelyik (aki) sentences.
One option is identifying: Which man is reading?
The second option is adding extra information. See that man? He is reading.
There is a difference in both Hungarian and English, but in English, the comma placement is important, while in Hungarian, "az a".
Az a férfi olvas, aki a fa alatt ül.
The man who is sitting under the tree is reading. (no comma in English)
Identifying. Which man?
Az a... aki Az a férfi, aki a fa alatt ül, olvas. Az a férfi olvas, aki a fa alatt ül.
The man, who is sitting under the tree, is reading. (commas in English)
Extra information A... aki
A férfi, aki a fa alatt ül, olvas.
In Duolingo Hungarian Dir Conj 2 skill, Az a turns into phrases like Abban a szekrényben.
Abban a magas házban lakom, amelyik a folyó mellett áll.
I live in the tall house that is beside the river.
(Melyik házban lakom? Which house do I live in?)
A ruhák abban a szekrényben vannak, amelyik az ajtó mellett van.
The clothes are in the closet which is beside the door.
(Melyik szekrényben vannak a ruhák? In which closet are the clothes?)
In Dir Conj 3, Az a is replaced by A mellől a pályaudvar mellől or something similar. Éva a mellől a pályaudvar mellől jön, ahova a buszok érkeznek.
(Melyik pályaudvar mellől jön Éva?)
source: this sentence discussion:
https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/53934525 = https://archive.ph/Mx26I
--------------------------------------------
vvsey had a lot of similar comments (search for this keyword: restrictive clause)
https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/23736074 = https://archive.ph/mXDta
https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/25033641 = https://archive.ph/OGhTU
https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/18421412 = https://archive.ph/BmSS3
Ami, amelyik, amely
https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/19015205 = https://archive.ph/tdBxk
https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/17279272 = https://archive.ph/gvEFb
---------------------------------------------------
[Tips and notes for the Choices 1 skill]
Az... amelyik
This is about identifying something or someone and saying something about them.
How it works : Az... aki /Az .... amelyik / Az... ami
In the plural: Azok... akik /Azok .... amelyek / Azok... amik
The girl who is sitting over there is a student. Az a lány, aki ott ül, egy diák. Or, with a different word order: Az a lány (egy) diák, aki ott ül.
The bridge that is between the mountains is big. Az a híd, amelyik a hegyek között van, nagy. / Az a híd nagy, amelyik a hegyek között van.
The bridges (that are) between the mountains are big. Azok a hidak, amelyek a hegyek között vannak, nagyok. / Azok a hidak nagyok , amelyek a hegyek között vannak.
The one who is sitting over there is a student. Az, aki ott ül, egy diák. / Az (egy) diák, aki ott ül.
The one (that is) between the mountains is big. Az, ami a hegyek között van, nagy. / Az nagy, ami a hegyek között van.
The ones (that are) between the mountains are big. Azok, amik a hegyek között vannak, nagyok. / Azok nagyok, amik a hegyek között vannak.
-------------------------------
word order issues.
Az a férfi, aki a fa alatt ül, olvas. Az a sportoló, aki a híd alatt úszik, fiatal. - This is a perfectly fine word order.
Az a férfi olvas, aki a fa alatt ül. Az a sportoló fiatal, aki a híd alatt úszik. - This word order looks a bit less natural at first sight, but if you match the sentence with a question, it improves.
Melyik férfi olvas? - Az a férfi olvas, aki a fa alatt ül.
Melyik sportoló fiatal? - Az a sportoló fiatal, aki a híd alatt úszik.
Survival tips for the Choices 1 skill:
-------------------------------
word order issues /2
The following is taken from the Directional Conjunction 1 Tips and Notes.
Word order
Consider these sentences:
Ott nincs bank, ahova ezek a turisták mennek.
Ott ebédelünk, ahonnan a villamos visszajön.
Ott lakik Péter, ahol Éva dolgozik.
We can see a
"Onnan verb1 subject1, ahonnan subject2 verb2". pattern
If you start with the subject:
Subject1 onnan verb1, ahonnan subject2 verb2.
If we have preverbs too:
Oda megy be Anna, ahonnan Béla kijön.
or: Anna oda megy be, ahonnan Béla kijön.
Why? ott/oda/onnan attracts focus, it likes to be directly in front of the verb.
But ahol/ahova/ahonnan avoids focus. Put the verb further away from them, or at least, do not separate the preverb.
(Not all the sentences in this skill follow this order, but several of them.)
This part talks about ott.. ahol, but notice that ott ... ahol and az ... aki are similar two-part constructions. :
Therefore
"az a férfi" / "az a fiú"/ "az az asztal" attracts focus, it likes to be directly in front of the verb.
But amelyik/aki/ami avoids focus. Put the verb further away from them, or at least, do not separate the preverb.
For example: Az a fiú megy be a házba, aki sárga csizmát visel.
(The boy who is wearing yellow boots enters the house)
See also: https://magyarbagoly.blogspot.com/2022/02/words-always-or-never-in-focus.html
-------------------
Another sentence discussion:
"The man who is rich walks over to the woman."
Translation:Az a férfi megy oda a nőhöz amelyik gazdag.
"Az a férfi... , amelyik gazdag".
"Melyik férfi?" - Which man?
"Az, amelyik gazdag." - The one that is rich.
The man is rich in both sentences.
But you have a point. It could be misunderstood if one is not paying attention. But let's make the woman rich, too:
"Az a férfi megy oda a gazdag nőhöz, amelyik gazdag." - This would be the way to do it.
"Az a férfi megy oda a nőhöz, aki gazdag, amelyik gazdag." - This is a bit too much.
But all this confusion can be cleared up with proper context. We are dealing with a single confusing sentence without context here.
Oh, and the main point here: it would never be said like "a nő, amelyik gazdag". That is incorrect Hungarian. We say "a nő, AKI gazdag".
The word "amelyik" is used in connection with a main clause, referring to a restrictive clause:
"AZ a férfi ... , AMELYIK ... ."
The "amelyik" clause identifies the specific man we are talking about.
source: https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/33002303 = https://archive.ph/eFlzk
archive of this post: https://duolingo.hobune.stream/comment/56523878
See this Duome post too: https://forum.duome.eu/viewtopic.php?t=4077-a-rend%C5%91r-oda-l%C3%A9p-be-ahonnan-a-bet%C3%B6r%C5%91-kifut-en-hu
No comments:
Post a Comment