[#DuolingoForumGems originally posted on 2020-11-08 on the Duolingo Hungarian for English speakers forum by peter.kristof.hu ]
Verb argument
An argument is a complement that some words require grammatically and semantically. The verb argument helps to complete the meaning of the predicate, but these vary from language to language. For example, "valaki beszél valakinek valamiről" corresponds to "someone is talking to someone about something" in English.
The following non-exhaustive list presents some frequently used verbs along with their arguments that differ from English usage. These verb-argument constructs can be considered idioms and should be memorized.
You can see on the list that the verbs are in indefinite conjugation, but for some transitive verbs, definite conjugation is also possible. (E.g. "Egy jó könyvet keresek = I am looking for a good book", compare with "A könyvemet keresem = I am looking for my book").
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| kinevet | valakit | laugh at |
| Kinevetett engem. = He laughed at me. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| (el)kér | valamit | ask for |
Elkértük a tanártól a könyvet. =
We asked the teacher for the book. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| keres | valamit/
valakit | look for |
Egy jó könyvet keresek =
I am looking for a good book. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| köszön | valamit | thank for |
Köszönöm, hogy jöttél. =
Thank you for coming. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| megdicsér | valamit/
valakit | compliment on |
Megdicsérte az ingemet. =
She complimented me on my shirt. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| hisz | valakinek | believe |
| Higgy nekem! = Believe me. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| hisz | valamiben/valamit/
valakiben | believe |
Hiszel Istenben? =
Do you believe in God? | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| dolgozik | valakinek/
valakinél | work for |
Nemzetközi cégnél dolgozom =
I work for a multinational company. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| válaszol | valamire/
valamit | answer |
| Válaszolj a kérdésekre! = Answer the questions | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| büszke | valamire/
valakire | proud of |
Annyira büszke vagyok az apámra. =
I am so proud of my father. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| emlékszik | valamire/valakire | remember |
Emlékezz karácsonykor a barátokra! =
Remember friends at Christmas. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| emlékeztet | valamire/valakire | remind about |
Ez a zene a gyerekkoromra emlékeztet. =
This song reminds me about my childhood. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| (rá)néz | valamire/valakire | look at |
| Nézz a képre! = Look at the picture. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| mosolyog | valakire | smile at |
| Mindig mosolyog rám. = She always smiles at me. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| vár | valamire/valakire/
valamit/valakit | wait for |
Órák óta várok rád! =
I have been waiting for you for hours! | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| költ | valamire/valakire | spend on |
Sokat költünk ruhákra. =
We spend so much on clothes. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| figyel | valamire/valakire | listen to |
| hallgat | valamit/valakire | -"- |
Gyakran hallgatok zenét. =
I often listen to music. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| hivatkozik/vonatkozik/utal | valamire | refer to |
Gyakran hivatkozik a jegyzeteire. =
She often refers to her notes. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| beszél | valakivel/valakihez | talk to |
Velem akar beszélni? =
Would you talk to me? | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| beszél | valamiről | talk of/about |
Beszéljünk másról. =
Let's talk about something else. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| gratulál | valamihez | congratulate on |
Gratulálok a munkádhoz! =
I congratulate on your job | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| ragaszkodik | valamihez | insist on |
Ragaszkodott a saját megoldásához. =
He insisted on his own solution. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| fordul | valakihez | turn to |
A kollégám a főnökhöz fordult. =
My colleague turned to the boss. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| megbukik | valamin | fail |
| Megbukott a vizsgán. = He failed the exam. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| játszik | valamin | play |
| Gitározol? = Do you play the guitar? | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| kopog | valamin | knock at |
| Valaki kopogott az ajtón. = Somebody knocked at the door. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| (meg)bízik | valamiben/
valakiben | trust |
A szüleim megbíznak bennem. =
My parents trust me. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| reménykedik | valamiben | hope for |
Reménykedem benne, hogy jössz. =
I am hoping for your coming. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| meghal | valamiben | die of/from |
| Éhen haltak. = They died of hunger. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| segít | valamiben | help with |
A fiú segített a szüleinek a munkában. =
The son helped his parents with the work. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| gondoskodik | valakiről | look after |
Gondoskodj a gyerekekről! =
Look after the children. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| áll | valamiből | consist of |
Ez a könyv két részből áll. =
This book consists of two parts. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| fél | valamitől | be afraid of |
| Félek a kutyáktól. = I'm afraid of dogs. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| óvakodik | valamitől | beware of |
| Óvakodj a kutyától! = Beware of the dog | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| függ | valamitől | depend on |
A program az időtől függ. =
The program depends on the weather. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| egyetért | valakivel | agree with |
Egyetértesz velem? =
Do you agree with me? | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| foglalkozik | valamivel | deal with |
A barátunk zenével foglalkozik. =
Our friend deals with music. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| találkozik | valakivel | meet |
| Találkoztam a barátommal. = I met my friend | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| történik | valakivel | happen to |
| Mi történt Istvánnal? = What happened to István? | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| jár | valahova | attend |
Mikor jártál iskolába? =
When did you attend school? | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| belép | valahova | enter |
| Beléptünk a szobába = We entered the room | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| megérkezik | valahova | arrive at/in |
Most megérkeztünk a reptérre. =
We have arrived at the airport now. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| panaszkodik | valami miatt | complain about |
A pincérnek panaszkodunk az étel miatt. =
We complained to the waiter about the food. | | |
| Word | Argument | English meaning |
|---|
| aggódik | valami miatt | worry about |
| Ne aggódj miattam! = Don’t worry about me. | | |
No comments:
Post a Comment